Mac OS X v10.4 Tiger is the fifth major release of Mac OS X, Apple'south desktop and server operating organisation for Macintosh computers. Tiger was released to the public on 29 April 2005 for US$129.95 equally the successor to Mac Bone Ten Panther (version x.3), which had been released xviii months earlier. Some of the new features included a fast searching arrangement called Spotlight, a new version of the Safari web browser, Dashboard, a new 'Unified' theme, and improved support for 64-bit addressing on Ability Mac G5s. Tiger shocked executives at Microsoft by offering a number of features, such as fast file searching and improved graphics processing, which Microsoft had spent several years struggling to add to Windows with acceptable performance. [1]
Tiger was included with all new Macintosh computers, and was also bachelor as an upgrade for existing Mac Bone X users, or users of supported pre-Mac OS X systems. The server edition, Mac OS X Server x.4, was also available for some Macintosh production lines. Six weeks after its official release, Apple had delivered 2 one thousand thousand copies of Tiger, representing 16% of all Mac Os X users. Apple claimed that Tiger was the almost successful Apple Bone release in the company'southward history. [2] At the Globe Wide Developers Briefing on June xi, 2007, Apple tree's CEO, Steve Jobs, appear that out of the 22 1000000 Mac OS X users, more than 67% were using Tiger. [3]
Apple tree announced a transition to Intel x86 processors during Tiger's lifetime, making it the first released Apple operating system to work on Apple tree–Intel compages machines. The Apple tree Idiot box, as released in March 2007, ships with a customized version of Mac Os X Tiger branded "Apple tree TV OS" that replaces the usual graphical user interface with an updated version of Front Row. [4]
Tiger was succeeded by Mac Bone 10 v10.5 Leopard on 26 Oct 2007, later 30 months, making Tiger the longest running version of Mac Os X. [5] The last security update released for Tiger users was the 2009-005 update. [6] [7] The adjacent security update, 2009-006 [8] simply included support for Leopard and Snow Leopard. The latest version of QuickTime is vii.6.4. The last version of iTunes that can run on Tiger is ix.two.one, because 10.0 only supports Mac Os Ten Leopard and subsequently. [9] Safari iv.ane.3 is the terminal version for Tiger as of eighteen November 2010. [10] Despite not having received security updates since then, Tiger remains popular with Power Mac users and retrocomputing enthusiasts due to its wide software and hardware compatibility, equally it runs on a wide diverseness of older machines and is the last OS X version that supports Classic Environment, a Mac Bone 9 compatibility layer. [eleven]
System requirements
Tiger was initially available in a PowerPC edition, with an Intel edition released kickoff at 10.4.four. There is no universal version of the client operating organisation, although Tiger Server was fabricated available on a universal DVD from version 10.four.7. While Apple shipped the PowerPC edition bundled with PowerPC-based Macs and also sold information technology every bit a separate retail box, the but way to become the Intel version was bundled with an Intel-based Mac. Still, information technology was possible to buy the "restore" DVDs containing the Intel version through unofficial channels such as eBay, and officially through Apple tree if yous could provide proof of purchase of the appropriate Intel Mac. These grey coloured "restore" DVDs supplied with new Macs, are designed to only restore on the model of Mac that they are intended for. The retail PPC only DVD can be used on any PPC based Mac supported by Tiger.
The system requirements of the PowerPC edition are: [12]
- A PowerPC G3, G4, or G5 processor running at 300 MHz or faster
- Built-in FireWire
- At least 256 MB of RAM, 128 MB can run it unofficially though (512 MB or 1 GB recommended)
- At least 3 GB of available hard disk infinite; 4 GB of disk space including the Xcode 2 Tools, 2 GB for the minimal install
- DVD-ROM drive (CD-ROM exchange was available; offering ended on March twenty, 2007)
Tiger removed support for older New World ROM Macs such as the original iMacs and iBooks that were supported in Panther; nonetheless it is possible to install Tiger on these Macs using third-party software (such as XPostFacto) that overrides the checks made at the beginning of the installation procedure. Also, machines such equally biscuit Ability Mac G3s and "Wall Street" PowerBook G3s that were dropped by Panther (the preceding release of Mac OS Ten) can also be made to run both Panther and Tiger in this way. Besides, Tiger tin be installed on unsupported New World ROM Macs by installing it on a supported Mac, then swapping hard drives. Old World ROM Macs require the use of XPostFacto to install Tiger.
Tiger was the last version of Mac OS X that supported the PowerPC G3 processor.
History
Apple tree CEO Steve Jobs beginning presented Tiger in his keynote presentation at the Worldwide Developers Conference on 28 June 2004, ten months before its commercial release in Apr 2005. Iv months before that official release, several not-commercial, developer'southward releases of Tiger leaked onto the Cyberspace via BitTorrent file sharers. It was offset mentioned on Apple website on 4 May 2004. Apple sued these file sharers. [13] On 12 April 2005, Apple tree announced Tiger's official, worldwide release would exist Apr 29. All Apple Stores around the world held Tiger seminars, presentations and demos.
On June six, 2005 at the Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, Jobs reported that nearly two million copies had been sold in Tiger's first six weeks of release, making it the nigh successful operating organisation release in Apple's history. Jobs then disclosed that Mac OS X had been engineered from its inception to work with Intel's ten86 line of processors in add-on to the PowerPC, the CPU for which the operating system had e'er been publicly marketed. Apple tree concurrently announced its intent to release the kickoff x86-based computers in June 2006, and to move the residual of its computers to x86 microprocessors by June 2007. On January 10, 2006, Apple tree presented its new iMac and MacBook Pro computers running on Intel Core Duo processors, and announced that the unabridged Apple product line would run on Intel processors by the end of 2006. Apple then released the Mac Pro and announced the new Xserve on August 8, completing the Intel transition in 210 days, roughly x months ahead of the original schedule.
Tiger is the showtime version of Mac OS X to be supplied on a DVD, although the DVD could originally be exchanged for CDs for $9.95. It is also the get-go (and and then far only) version of Mac Bone that would somewhen have an update version number ending with a value greater than nine.
New and changed features
End-user features
Apple tree advertises that Tiger has 150+ features, including:
- Spotlight — Spotlight is a full-text and metadata search engine, which can search everything on one'southward Mac including Microsoft Give-and-take documents, iCal calendars and Address Book contact cards. The feature is likewise used to build the concept of smart folders into the Finder. Spotlight will index files equally they are saved, then they can be chop-chop and easily constitute through a search-every bit-you-type box in the menu bar. As a side-effect, it adds hidden folders and indexing files to removable media similar USB flash drives.
- iChat AV — The new iChat AV 3.0 in Tiger supports upwardly to four participants in a video conference and ten participants in an audio conference. It also now supports communication using the XMPP protocol. A XMPP server called iChat Server is included on Mac Os 10 Tiger Server.
- Safari RSS — The new Safari 2.0 web browser in Tiger features a born reader for RSS and Atom web syndication that can be accessed hands from an RSS button in the address bar of the web browser window. An updated version of Safari, included every bit part of the free Mac Os 10 v10.4.three update, tin too pass the Acid2 spider web standards examination.
- Mail 2 — The new version of Mail.app email client included in Tiger featured an updated interface, "Smart Mailboxes" which apply the Spotlight search organisation, parental controls, as well as several other features.
The Dashboard allows for miniature applications called "Widgets" to appear and disappear chop-chop from the screen.
- Dashboard — The Dashboard is a new mini-applications layer based on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, which returns the desk accessories concept to the Mac Bone. These accessories are known equally widgets. It comes with several widgets such equally Conditions, Earth Clock, Unit of measurement Converter, and Dictionary/Thesaurus. More are available for gratuitous online. Its similarity to the Konfabulator application acquired some criticism. [xiv]
- Automator — A scripting tool chosen Automator to link applications together to form complex automatic workflows (written in AppleScript, Cocoa, or both). Automator comes with a complete library of actions for several applications that can be used together to make a Workflow.
- VoiceOver — VoiceOver is an accessibility interface that offers the user magnification options, keyboard command and spoken English descriptions of what is happening on screen. VoiceOver enables users with visual impairment the power to use applications via spoken commands. Information technology also allows a user to work collaboratively with other users on a single Mac by allowing multiple users give voice commands to scroll text, etc. VoiceOver is capable of reading aloud the contents of files including spider web pages, mail letters and word processing files. The complete keyboard navigation lets the user control the computer with the keyboard rather than mouse, a menu is displayed in a window showing all the available keyboard commands that can exist used.
- A complete congenital-in Dictionary/Thesaurus based on the New Oxford American Dictionary, Second Edition, accessible through an application, Dictionary, a Dashboard widget, and as a system-broad command (come across below).
- .Mac syncing — Though this is non a new feature, .Mac syncing in Tiger is much improved over Panther. Syncing tasks in Tiger are now achieved through the .Mac system preferences pane rather than the iSync awarding.
- QuickTime 7 — A new version of Apple's multimedia software has back up for the new H.264/AVC codec which offers meliorate quality and scalability than other video codecs.[ citation needed ] This new codec is used past iChat AV for clearer video conferencing. New classes inside Cocoa provide total access to QuickTime for Cocoa awarding developers. The new QuickTime vii histrion application bundled with Tiger at present includes more advanced audio and video controls as well equally a more detailed Information dialog, and the new histrion has been rebuilt using Apple tree's Cocoa API to take reward of the new technologies more easily.
- New Unix features — New versions of cp, mv, and rsync which support files with resources forks. Command-line support for features similar the above-mentioned Spotlight are also included.
- Xcode 2.0 — Xcode two.0, Apple'south Cocoa development tool at present includes visual modelling, an integrated Apple Reference Library and graphical remote debugging.
New applications in Tiger
- Automator — Automator uses workflows to process repetitive tasks automatically
- Grapher — Grapher is a new application capable of creating 2D and 3D graphs like to that of Graphing Figurer.
- Lexicon — A dictionary and thesaurus program which uses the New Oxford American Dictionary. It has a fast GUI for displaying the Dictionary, and allows the user to search the dictionary with Spotlight, to impress definitions, and to copy and paste text into documents. Dictionary as well provides a Dictionary service in the Application menu, and Cocoa and WebKit provides a global keyboard shortcut (ctrl-⌘-D by default) for all applications that display text with them. Its employ was furthered in the side by side version of Os X past providing definitions from Wikipedia. The Dictionary awarding is a more than feature-filled version of the Lexicon widget.
- Quartz Composer — Quartz Composer is a development tool for processing and rendering graphical data.
- AU Lab — AU Lab is a developer application for testing and mixing Sound Units.
- Dashboard — Dashboard is a widget application. Tiger widgets include: a reckoner, dictionary, a world clock, a agenda, and more (total list). Users tin can likewise download and install more widgets.
Improvements
- An upgraded kernel with optimized kernel resource locking and admission control lists, and with support for 64-bit userland address spaces on machines with 64-bit processors. [fifteen]
- An updated libSystem with both 32-bit and 64-fleck versions; combined with the aforementioned kernel change, this allows private applications to accost more than 4 GB of retention when run on 64-bit processors, although an application using Apple tree libraries or frameworks other than libSystem would need to have two processes, 1 running the 64-chip code and one running the code that requires other libraries and frameworks. [xv] [xvi]
- A new startup daemon called launchd that allows for faster boots.
- The printing dialog in Tiger at present features a drib downwardly menu for creating PDFs, sending PDFs to Mail service, and other PDF related deportment. However, the user interface has been criticized for creating a hybrid widget that looks like a patently push button just acts like a pop-up menu. This is one of only three places in the entire Mac OS X interface where such an element appears.
- Dock menus now have menu items to open an application at login, or to remove the icon from the dock.
- The Window menu in the Finder now features a "Cycle Through Windows" menu item.
- The Get Info window for items in the Finder now includes a "More Info" section that includes Spotlight information tags such as Epitome Height & Width, when the file was last opened, and where the file originated.
- Early development of resolution independence. Apple notes that this will be a user-level feature in a future version of Mac OS Ten. [17] Among the changes, the maximum size of icons has been increased to 256x256. However, the Finder does not yet support this size.
Technologies
- A new graphics processing API, Cadre Image, leveraging the power of the bachelor accelerated graphics cards.
-
- Core Image allows programmers to easily leverage programmable GPUs for fast image processing for special effects and image correction tools. Some of the included Image Units are Blur, Color Blending, Generator Filters, Distortion Filters, Geometry Filters, Halftone features and much more.
- A new data persistence API, Core Information, that makes it easier for developers to handle structured data in their applications.
-
- The Mac Bone Ten Core Information API helps developers create information structures for their applications. Core Data provides undo, redo and salvage functions for developers without them having to write any code.
- A new video graphics API, Core Video, which leverages Core Image to provide real-fourth dimension video processing.
-
- Apple's Move real-time video effects programme takes advantage of Core Video in Tiger. Core Video lets developers easily integrate real-time video effects and processing into their applications.
- Core Audio integrates a range of audio functionality directly into the operating system.
Interface differences
In every major new revision of Mac Bone X, Apple alters the graphical user interface somewhat. In Tiger, the card bar displayed at the pinnacle of the screen now features a colored Spotlight button in the upper right corner; the bill of fare itself has a smoother 'glassy' texture to supplant the faint pinstripes in Panther.
Too of note, Tiger introduces a new window theme, ofttimes described as 'Unified'. A variation on the standard, not-brushed metal theme used since the introduction of Mac Os X, this theme integrates the championship bar and the toolbar of a window. A prominent example of an awarding that utilizes this theme is Mail.
Tiger trademark lawsuit
Presently before the release of Mac OS X Tiger, the calculator retailer TigerDirect.com, Inc. filed a lawsuit confronting Apple, alleging that Apple tree infringed TigerDirect.com's trademark with the Mac OS X Tiger operating system. [eighteen]
The post-obit is a quotation from TigerDirect.com's court memorandum:
- Apple Computer's use of its infringing family of Tiger marks to expand sales of products too its operating arrangement software is already evident — for example, Apple Computer is offer costless iPods and laptops as part of its Tiger Earth Premiere giveaway. In short, however its representation to the PTO that it would only use Tiger in connection with their unique calculator operating system software, Apple Computer has in contempo weeks used a family of Tiger marks in connection with a essentially broader grouping of products and services, including the very products and services currently offered by Tiger Direct under its famous family of Tiger marks. [19]
The judge in the case ruled in Apple's favor. [20]
Back up for Intel processors
| Apple's transition to Intel processors |
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At the 2005 Worldwide Developers Conference, Apple CEO Steve Jobs appear that Apple would brainstorm selling Mac computers with Intel processors in 2006. To allow developers to begin producing software for these Intel-based Macs, Apple made Developer Transition Kits bachelor for sale which included a version of Mac Bone Ten v10.4.ane designed to run on x86 processors.
This build includes Apple's Rosetta—a translation process that allows Intel processor versions of the Bone to run PPC software with fiddling penalization. This is contrasted with the current Mac OS 9 Archetype mode, which uses comparably larger amounts of organisation resources.
Presently after the Developer Transition Kits began shipping, copies of Tiger x86 were leaked onto file sharing networks. Although Apple tree had implemented a Trusted Computing DRM scheme in the transition hardware and OS in an endeavour to stop people installing Tiger x86 on non-Apple tree PCs, the OSx86 projection soon managed to remove this restriction. [21] Every bit Apple tree released each update with newer safeguards to forestall its use on non-Apple hardware, unofficially-modified versions were released that circumvented Apple tree's safeguards. Notwithstanding, with the release of 10.4.v, 10.4.6, and 10.4.7 the unofficially-modified versions connected to employ the kernel from the 10.iv.4 because after kernels take hardware locks and depend heavily on Extensible Firmware Interface. By late 2006, the 10.4.eight kernel was croaky. [22]
At MacWorld San Francisco 2006, Jobs announced the immediate availability of Mac OS Ten v10.4.4, the commencement publicly bachelor release of Tiger compiled for both PowerPC and Intel x86 based machines.
Release history
| Version | Build | Date | OS name | Notes |
| ten.4 | 8A428 | Apr 29, 2005 | Darwin 8.0 | Preinstalled on much of new line |
| 8A432 | Original retail release |
| 10.4.ane | 8B15 | May 16, 2005 | Darwin 8.1 | About the Mac Bone Ten 10.4.1 Update |
| 8B17 | May 19, 2005 | Server edition |
| 10.4.2 | 8C46 | July 12, 2005 | Darwin 8.ii | Virtually the Mac Os 10 x.4.2 Update (Delta) |
| 8C47 | Server Edition |
| 8E102 | October 12, 2005 | exclusively for Front Row iMac G5 released on aforementioned appointment |
| 8E45 | October xix, 2005 | exclusively for PowerBook G4s released on aforementioned appointment |
| 8E90 | exclusively for Power Mac G5 Dual and Quad released on same date |
| 10.four.3 | 8F46 | October 31, 2005 | Darwin 8.3 | About the Mac OS X x.four.3 Update (Delta) Updated retail release |
| 10.iv.4 | 8G32 | Jan ten, 2006 | Darwin 8.iv | Virtually the Mac OS X 10.4.4 Update (Delta) PowerPC |
| 8G1165 | Near the Mac Os Ten ten.4.4 Update (Delta) Intel |
| 10.4.5 | 8H14 | February 14, 2006 | Darwin eight.5 | About the Mac OS X ten.iv.5 Update (delta) PowerPC |
| 8G1454 | Nearly the Mac Bone 10 10.4.5 Update (delta) Intel |
| 10.iv.half dozen | 8I127 | April 3, 2006 | Darwin viii.vi | About the Mac OS X 10.4.6 Update (delta) PowerPC; Final retail release |
| 8I1119 | About the Mac Os 10 10.4.vi Update (delta) Intel |
| 10.four.7 | 8J135 | June 27, 2006 | Darwin 8.7 | Nearly the Mac Os X 10.iv.vii Update (delta) PowerPC |
| 8J2135a | About the Mac OS X 10.iv.seven Update (delta) Intel |
| 8K1079 | August 7, 2006 | exclusively for Mac Pro released the aforementioned engagement |
| 8N5107 | exclusively for Apple tree TV (formerly codenamed iTV) [23] |
| ten.4.viii | 8L127 | September 29, 2006 | Darwin viii.eight | About the Mac OS X x.4.8 Update (delta) PowerPC |
| 8L2127 | About the Mac OS X 10.four.8 Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition |
| 10.4.9 | 8P135 | March 13, 2007 | Darwin 8.9 | Nigh the Mac OS X 10.4.nine Update (delta) PowerPC |
| 8P2137 | About the Mac Os X 10.4.nine Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition |
| 10.iv.10 | 8R218 | June 20, 2007 | Darwin viii.ten | About the Mac OS X ten.four.10 Update (delta) PowerPC |
| 8R2218, 8R2232 | Near the Mac Os 10 10.iv.ten Update (delta) Intel and Universal Server Edition |
| 10.iv.11 | 8S165 | November fourteen, 2007 | Darwin eight.eleven | About the Mac OS 10 10.4.11 Update PowerPC |
| 8S2167 | Most the Mac Os 10 10.four.11 Update Intel and Universal Server Edition |
References
External links
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